为Chin. J. Mech. Eng.绘制的封面

Human Digital Twin (HDT) Driven Human-Cyber-Physical Systems: Key Technologies and Applications

Traditional industrial systems, where physical systems, i.e., robots and machines, replaced manual labor mostly, are often known as human-physical system (HPS) [1]. Cyber system, a major outcome of the digitalization revolution, is increasingly adopted in HPS and continuously evolving with the development of advanced manufacturing technologies, leading to the human-cyber-physical system (HCPS) [2]. HCPS fuses human, social networks, physical processes, and cybernetics as an integrated system, characterized by intelligence interaction, diversified integration, and grand system. HCPS connects human, virtual and physical worlds by incorporating intrinsic and abstractive knowledge learned from a variety of manufacturing activities. With the development of advanced sensing, actuation, embedded computing, and artificial intelligence (AI), HCPS will not only create a harmonious human-machine-intelligence collaboration paradigm but also become applicable in a wider range and more sophisticated industrial and health care use cases.